Engaging diverse communities in collaborative racial and social justice work.
African American
Traditionally, history has been told through the perspective and to the advantage of the people whose position and privilege have given them the dominate voice. The purpose of this page is to provide history resources that:
a) examine or challenge the traditionally presented view of history; and/or
b) include the voices of people whose lived experiences have been misrepresented or excluded.
The Biography & History section includes books and media resources on topics that are currently being reexamined.
The Curriculum & Instruction section provides resources individuals, parents, and teachers can use to reexamine traditional understandings.
The Local & Regional section includes books and media resources on African Americans who have lived and/or do live in Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Pulaski, Roanoke, and greater Southwest Virginia.
Biography & History
"Those who have no record of what their forebears have accomplished lose the inspiration which comes from the teaching of biography and history.”
Carter G. Woodson
40 Years of Human Experimentation in America: The Tuskegee Study, Office for Science and Society, McGill University, online article.
African American Farmers and Civil Rights by Pete Daniel, The Journal of Southern History, online publication.
African Americans in Appalachia, Photo Essay and Featured Essay, Oxford African American Studies Center, webpage.
America Panorama: An Atlas of United States History edited by Robert Nelson and Edward Ayers as part of Mapping Inequalities a searchable website of maps, Examples: 1) Mapping Inequality: Redlining in New Deal America 1935-1940, 2) Renewing Inequality: Family Displacement through Urban Renewal 1950-1966, and 3) Forced Migration of Enslaved People in the United States.
An Invaluable Black Public Broadcasting Archive is Now Accessible Online: article announcing American Archive of Public Broadcasting, a searchable repository of video and audio.
“An Interview with Angela Davis;” Black Journal Video, American Archive of Public Broadcasting
Barbara Johns Leads Prince Edward County Student Walkout, online article with Interview with Vanessa Venable on closing of schools in Prince Edward County, and links to historical documents, Documentary Studies at Duke University website.
Barracoon: The Story of the Last “Black Cargo” by Zora Neale Hurston.
Behind the Lynching of Emmett Louis Till by Louis Burnham, a 1959 publication available online.
“Black Church: This is Our Story, This is Our Song” extended trailer, Blue Ridge PBS available with Passport member benefit to on-demand library of programs or by purchase PBS.
“Black Farmers in America” online article on the book, npr; African American Black Farmers Project by John Francis Ficara, photo collection with essay.
Black Wall Street 100’: Tulsa Author-historian Reviews Century of ‘Grappling’ with Lingering ‘Wound’ of 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre by Tim Stanley, Tulsa World.
Booker T. Washington: An Appreciation of the Man and his Times by Barry Mackintosh, National Park Service, online publication.
Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936 to 1938, Library of Congress, online narratives, website.
Brief History of How Racism Shaped Interstate Highways, npr, audio and article.
Case for Reparations by Ta-Nehisi Coates, The Atlantic article online.
Central Park Five, a film by Ken Burns & David McMahon & Sarah Burns, PBS, Blue Ridge Passport, video.
Central Park Five, Inside History newsletter, online article.
Civil Rights Movement Timeline, History.Com (video with print timeline containing imbedded links)
Clear Connection between Slavery and American Capitalism by Dian Gerdeman, Forbes, online article.
Community Remembrance Project, website of Equal Justice Initiative. Contains links to websites and videos on the history of racial terror lynching and segregation in America, on the legacy of enslavement to mass incarceration and on the memorials for peace and justice.
Comprehensive Bill to Address the History of Discrimination in Federal Agricultural Policy, Booker, Warren, Gillibrand, Smith, Warnock, and Leahy Announce Bill, Fact check: Booker Says U.S. has History of Bias Against Black Farmers, Relief Bill is most Significant Legislation since Civil Rights Act, The Washington Post.
Confronting A Racist Legacy: CBS News Looks at How Housing Discrimination Led to Wealth Inequality, CBS This Morning video.
Digs Unearth Plantations Holdings Slaves in “free” North, The Baltimore Sun, article.
Emmett Till Accuser Admits to Giving False Testimony at Murder Trial, Chicago Tribune, online article.
Emmett Till’s Accuser Admits She Lied, Equal Justice Initiative online article.
Emmitt Till Murdered, online article with Simeon Wright oral history interview on the trial, NAACP Press Release, and digital copy of Behind the Lynching of Emmett Louis Till, Documentary Studies at Duke University website.
Elizabeth Freeman (first African American woman to successfully file a lawsuit for freedom in the state of Massachusetts), National Women’s History Museum, website.
Ex Slaves talk about Slavery in the USA, YouTube video.
False Cause: Fraud, Fabrication, and White Supremacy in Confederate Memory, webinar sponsored by Department of History, College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences, Virginia Tech.
Future of America’s Past, PBS episodes that revisit misunderstood parts of American’s past, video.
Germany Punished Its Fascist; We Built Statues to Ours, Loretta Ross; Amanpour and Company, YouTube video.
Henrietta Lacks: How Her Cells Became One of the Most Important Medical Tools in History, History website article.
Henry Louis Gates, Jr: “We are 99.9% the Same,” Amanpour and Company YouTube, video.
He Served the Longest Sentence of Any Innocent U.S. Inmate, The Atlantic on YouTube video.
Historians’ Brief But Spectacular take on Understanding the past to live a better future, Daina Ramey Berry, chair of history department at the University of Texas at Austin, PBS News Hour, February 5, 2021.
Historian Makes Case For 'What You Are Getting Wrong About Appalachia' In New Book, npr interview, transcript and audio recording, website.
History Lab at Virginian Tech Exhibits: Creating Home, Black Inclusion and Community, Solitude, The Heart of Virginia Tech History, Women of Color, Profiles in Achievement, digital exhibit.
How Black Cartographers Put Racism on the Map of America, in The Conversation, a nonprofit, independent news organization.
How Did We Get Here? 163 Years of The Atlantic’s Writing on Race and Racism in America, online list of linked articles.
How White Women’s “Investment” in Slavery has Shaped American Today. (Interview with author of They Were Her Property: White Women as Slave Owners in the American South). Vox, online article.
Inequality, Institute for Policy Studies, Racial Inequality and Covid-19, The Race Wealth Divide, Racial Income Inequality, Race and Gender Inequality, and more, website.
Jacob Yoder and Educating Virginia’s Freedpeople After the Civil War, The Uncommon Wealth, Library of Virginia.
Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, Ferris State University, video Explanation and Tour of Museum, 8 Exhibits including a timeline, explanation of Jim Crow 11 Caricatures, Essays, and more.
Journal of Slavery and Data Preservation, Enslaved.org website.
Land-Grab Universities: Expropriated Indigenous Land is the Foundation of the Land-grant University System by Robert Lee and Tristan Ahtone, online article High Country News. Includes Interactive map to explore land-grab university data, step by step chart tracing the Morrell Act of 1862 and maps of universities endowed by the Morrell land grants.
Life of Salley Hemings, The Jefferson Monticello, website.
Life on a Slave Ship, History website, scroll down to video.
Listen to ‘The Daily’: Linda Brown’s Landmark Case, The New York Times podcast.
Lives at Risk, the effects of mass incarceration, YouTube film.
Lynching in America: Confronting the Legacy of Racial Terror, third edition, report by Equal Justice Initiative.
March by Congressman John Lewis, Andrew Aydin and Nate Powell. Three-part graphic novel series.
Monticello Tells Untold Story of Sally Hemings, NPR radio, audio and transcript.
Murder of Emmitt Till: 2004, 60 Minutes Overtime, YouTube video.
My Black History Does Not Begin with Slavery. It Starts in Africa by ShaRhonda Knott-Dawson, posted in Better Conversation.
Nannie Helen Burroughs and Trades Hall of National Training School for Women and Girls, National Park Service, website.
Narrative of Former Slave Felix Haywood, 1936, online text, Educator Resources, Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs.
National Memorial for Peace and Justice, Museum and Memorial.
National Museum of African American History & Culture: People’s Journey, A Nation’s Story, Interpreting the African American Story, Examples of Collection Stories: Revolutionary Practice of Black Feminism, African Muslims in Early America, We Return Fighting: The African American Experience in WWI.
New Revelations in Emmett Till Case: Author Timothy Tyson Discusses 1955 Murder, CBSN interview, YouTube video.
No Pensions for Ex-Slaves: How Federal Agencies Suppressed Movement to Aid Freedpeople by Miranda Booker Perry, Prologue Magazine, online resource from U. S. National Archives.
Not-So Hidden Truths About the Segregation of American Housing, by Keli A. Tianga, interview with Richard Rothstein, author of The Color of Law, online article in Shelterforce: The Original Voice of Community Development.
Original ‘Juneteenth’ Order Found in the National Archives, with Democracy Dies in Darkness video, The Washington Post.
Our founding ideals of liberty and equality were false when they were written. Black Americans fought to make them true. Without this struggle, America would have no democracy at all by Nikole Hannah-Jones, The 1619 Project, The New York Times, article.
Race and Political Violence in the United States: Historical Perspectives, webinar, sponsored by Department of History, College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences, Virginia Tech.
Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites, PNAS: National Academy of Sciences, online article.
Reconstruction: America After the Civil War extended trailer, PBS 4-hour documentary available with Passport member benefit to on-demand library of programs or by purchase from PBS.
Retracing Slavery’s Trail of Tears, America’s Forgotten Migration – the Journeys of a Million African-Americans from the Tobacco South to the Cotton South by Edward Ball in Smithsonian Magazine.
Revisiting Slavery and Capitalism with Justene Hill Edwards, Ottoman History Podcast.
Road to Recovery: A Civil Rights Reparation Story, PBS Write Around the Corner.
Slavery and the Development of Industrial Capitalism in England by Joseph Inikori, Journal of Interdisciplinary History Vol. 17, pp. 771-793. Found in JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles a month.
Slavery by Another Name (excerpt) by Douglas Blackman and Interview with Douglas Blackman audio from Talk of the Nation, NPR Radio.
Slavery by Another Name, YouTube video, PBS home site for the documentary Slavery by Another Name, includes Timeline and Map, Themes, Classroom Resources, Video of the Making of the Documentary, website.
Slavery In America: The Montgomery Slave Trade, Report of the Equal Justice Initiative, download through a link, website.
Solomon Northup Describes a Slave Market, 1841 by Solomon Northup, The American Yawp Reader, online article.
Souls of Black Folk, Up From Slavery: Two Visions, One Mission by W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T Washington.
Southampton Rebellion Wasn’t Just Nat Turner’s. Women and Children Supported Resistance, Too by Saleen Martin, The Virginia-Pilot, article text and read aloud.
“Still a Brother: Inside the Negro Middle Class;” NET Journal Video, American Archive of Publish Broadcasting
Stories, Peoples of the Historical Slave Trade, Enslaved.org website.
Story of Contract Buyers League, The Atlantic, Vimeo video.
Story of SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) birth, culture, field projects and more including video address by Julian Bond, Documentary Studies at Duke University, website.
Strivings of the Negro People by W.E.B. Du Bois in The Atlantic Magazine, print and audio.
Students on Strike: Jim Crow, Civil Rights, Brown, and Me by John A. Stokes, Yes! Solutions Journalism, online article.
“The Murder of Emmett Till—Interview with Mamie Till Mobley;” American Experience Video, American Archive of Public Broadcasting
“Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of Segregation in America.”Focus 580 Audio, Anerucab Archive of Public Broadcasting
Survivor of the Last Slave Ship Lived Until 1940, History website article.
This 15-Year-Old Was the Original Rosa Parks, History Refocused, CNN video.
Timeline: Black farmers and the USDA, 1920 to Present, provides links to key historical documents, website.
These Photos Will Change the Way You Think About Race in Coal Country by John Edwin Mason, Yes! Solutions Journalism, online article.
Transportation Policy and the Underdevelopment of Black Communities by Deborah N. Archer, Iowa Law Review, downloadable paper.
True Story Behind “Just Mercy,” 60 Minutes Overtime, YouTube.
Truth Behind ’40 Acres and a Mule’ by Henry Louis Gates, article from The African Americans Many Rivers to Cross, PBS.
Voices Remembering Slavery: Freed People Tell Their Stories, audio recordings of six former slaves, online resource of the Library of Congress.
Voter Suppression in the United States, Past and Present, webinar, sponsored by Department of History, College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences, Virginia Tech.
Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement by John Lewis.
What is Owed: It Is Time for Reparations by Nikole Hannah- Jones, The New York Times Magazine, article.
What The Emancipation Proclamation Didn’t Do, interview with Lonnie Bunch on Tell Me More, transcript and audio, npr Radio.
“White Men’s Roads Through Black Men’s Homes”: Advancing Racial Equity Through Highway Reconstruction by Deborah N. Archer, Vanderbilt Law Review, downloadable paper.
Why Schools Fail to Teach Slavery’s ‘Hard History,’ npr Ed interview aired on All Things Considered.
Media
1619 Project Podcast Series: 1) The Fight for a True Democracy; 2) The Economy that Slavery Built; 3) The Birth of American Music; 4) How the Bad Blood Started; 5) The Land of Our Fathers, Part 1; The Land of Our Fathers, Part 2 from The New York Times.
1619 Project Curriculum, at New York Times Magazine and Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting collaboration.
Africans in America: America’s Journey Through Slavery, PBS Four-Part Series with Extensive Resource Bank and Teacher’s Guide for each Part.
African-American Mosaic, Resource Guide for the Study of Black History & Culture, Library of Congress, website.
American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology, and Index of Narratives, Department of History, University of Virginia.
Before Rosa Parks, There Was Claudette Colvin, article and audio, npr Radio.
California African American Museum, website.
Descendant. Documentary about the descendants of the slaveship Clotilda in Africatown, AL.
Dr. Carter G. Woodson Collaborative, collection of resources for Virginia Standards: K-2, Virginia Studies, US History I, US History II, Virginia and US History, and selection of curated links, webpage.
The Evers. Movie about the life of Medgar Evers as told by his family.
‘I Was Not Going to Stand.’ Rosa Parks Predecessors Recall Their History-Making Acts of Resistance, article in Time.
March 2, 1955: Claudette Colvin Refuses to Give Up Her Bus Seat, Zinn Education Project: Teaching People’s History, online article of interview with Ms. Colvin with links to related information.
New American History, website of tools for educators including interactive maps, video, and audio.
Rethinking Schools (a nonprofit publisher and advocacy organization dedicated to social justice teaching and education activism: magazine, books, and other resources.
Teaching Hard History: A K-5 Framework for Teaching American Slavery, Teaching Tolerance, Southern Poverty Law Center, online.
Uprising and Our Schools, Vol. 35, No. 1, Fall 2020. (example of a Rethinking Schools magazine).
Virginia History and Social Science Standards of Learning. Virginia Department of Education, website.
Virginia Commission on African American History Education in the Commonwealth: Final Report, August 2020. (Appendix contains suggestions for revising Virginia History Standards of Learning.)
Virginia’s First People: Past and Present, Virginia Department of Education, website.
Curriculum & Instruction
“Education creates the voice through which human rights can be claimed and protected.”
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Curriculum
Instruction
1619 Project Curriculum, at New York Times Magazine and Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting collaboration, including Activities and Lesson Plans.
A New Way to Teach American History, online searchable resource, webpage.
Best Practices for African American Boys presented by Jawanza Kunjufu, video.
Black History Year-Round: Strategies to Incorporate Black History into Teaching and Learning Throughout the Entire Year, Virginia Department of Education, Video.
Black Lives Matter at School: An Uprising for Educational Justice, by Jesse Hagopian and Denisha Jones.
Bringing Black History Into Your Classroom throughout the Year – Facing History and Ourselves: https://www.facinghistory.org/ideas-week/bring-black-history-your-classroom-throughout-year
DOCSTeach National Archives: Primary Documents, Activities to Use to Teach and Engaging Activities
EDSITEment! NEH.Gov., History, Culture, and Heritage Teacher Guides: African American History and Culture in the United States
Green Book: African American Experiences of Travel and Place in U.S., example of lesson plan from EDSITEment! NEH.Gov.
Jefferson’s Blood: Thomas Jefferson, his slave & mistress Sally Hemings, their descendants, and the mysterious Power of Race, PBS, Frontline, Teacher’s Guide: Jefferson’s Blood
Learning for Justice, Classroom Resources and Magazines & Publications.
Learning for Justice, Critical Practices for Anti-bias Education.
Listen to '1619,' a Podcast From The New York Times, The New York Times.
Moton Museum, Farmville, VA, Educator Resources (student civil rights movement and Prince Edward County massive resistance), list of books and magazine resources and links to website resources, website.
Oh Freedom! Teaching African Civil Rights Through American Art, Teaching Resource of Smithsonian American Art Museum, website.
Racial Wealth Gap Learning Simulation, Bread for the World, including Facilitator’s Guide, simulation resource Printing Kit, Policy Packet. The following link does not open for preview but directly downloads the resource to your computer: PowerPoint with talking points.
Teaching for Black Lives, edited by Dyan Watson, Jesse Hagopian, and Wayne Au. (example of a Rethinking School book).
Teaching Hard History: American Slavery, Southern Poverty Law Center.
Understanding and Teaching American Slavery (The Harvey Goldberg Series for Understanding and Teaching History) edited by Bethany Jay.
Zinn Education Project: Teaching People’s History, website resources of free downloadable lessons and articles organized and searchable by theme, time period, and grade level. Links to Search Results for African American.
Local & Regional History
“Heritage and ‘wisdom’ and simply personal family and local history enrich the one able to tap such information. As it is I wish I had garnered more from my grandparents and parents."
Gary Gygax
Local
2004 Historic Lecture Series: Odd Fellows Hall, Charles Johnson Recalling the African-American Communities in and around Blacksburg , 2009 Historic Lecture Series, Blacksburg Museum & Cultural Foundation, video.
Appalachian Portrait: Black and White in Montgomery County, Virginia, Before the Civil War by Charles Grant, VT MA thesis, online.
African American Legacy Tour: Montgomery County presented by Christiansburg Institute Inc.
Booker T. Washington: An Appreciation of the Man and his Times by Barry Mackintosh, National Park Service, online publication.
Brief History of the St. Luke and Odd Fellows Hall, (historical location for the African American community in and around Blacksburg) website.
Charles’ Experience at CI and Christiansburg Institute’s ‘Lost Alumni’, Oral History with Charles Johnson, Virginia Tech Special Collections.
Charles Johnson Recalling the African-American Communities in and around Blacksburg[JB1] , 2009 Historic Lecture Series, Blacksburg Museum & Cultural Foundation, video.
Christiansburg Institute: A Proud Heritage by James Wesley Smith and Amanda E. DeHart (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
Christiansburg Institute Football Team and Marching Band, First School Dance at CI, Boarding Students, Thoughts on CI, Oral History with Mary Smith Mills, Virginia Tech Special Collections.
Christiansburg Industrial Institute Oral History Project, Virginia Tech, Special Collections and University Archives Online.
Christiansburg Institute, website.
Christiansburg Institute: Once a School; Now a Nonprofit, BUZZ, Blue Ridge PBS, Season 2, Episode 13, Part One and Part Two, online video.
Christiansburg Institute: Segregation, Integration, and the Gift of Education, article in Colors: VA magazine.
Christiansburg Institute Series: Edgar A. Long Building, WVTF Public Radio on Discovery Virginia website, Segment 1, Segment 2, Segment 3, Segment 4.
CI Educational History, Oral History with Jessie Eaves, Virginia Tech Special Collection.
Coal Mining Lives: An Oral History Sequel to Appalachian Coal Mining Memories, Sociology and Anthropology Department at Radford University. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
The Coal Mining Way of Life in Virginia's New River Valley: Hard Work, Family, and Community Mary B. La Lone, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 1, pp. 53-62, website.
Community Narratives for Architecture Spaces: Christiansburg Institute by Byronaé Danielle Lewis, VT MA thesis, online.
Edgar A. Long and the Christiansburg Institute, News Messenger, article.
Edgar Allen Long, Principal of Christiansburg Institute: A Life Devoted to Education, YouTube video of Edgar Allen Long’s family reading the biography of the same title written by Erin M. Lord, et al. Request from local library. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
Emancipation, Education, and the Black Freedom Movement, Christiansburg Institute, online exhibition.
Equality Denied: The Christiansburg Institute and Segregated Public Schools in Montgomery County, 1934-1966, PowerPoint presentation by Tom Ewing and Elaine Carter.
Eye on the Past, Blue Ridge PBS, “Christiansburg Industrial Institute,” video.
Facing Freedom: An African American Community in Virginia from Reconstruction to Jim Crow by Daniel B. Thorp, includes information regarding Blacksburg, Christiansburg, and the Wake Forest communities. (Available at Christiansburg Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library.)
Family Visits home dedicated to once enslaved relatives, video and article of the renaming of Solitude on VT campus to the Fraction Family House at Solitude.
Floyd County Show Explores Black Roots of Old-time Mountain Music by Randy Walker, The Roanoke Times, online article.
Growing Up in Elliston, Va., The African-American Community in Elliston, Elaine’s Time at Christiansburg Institute, and Candid Feelings about the Closing of CI, Oral History with Elaine Dowe Carter, Virginia Tech Special Collections.
Growing Up in the New River Valley, Blacksburg Negro Elementary School and Christiansburg Institute, Extracurricular Activities at CI, and Community Reaction to Christiansburg Institute Closing, Oral History with Jacqueline Eaves, Virginia Tech Special Collections.
Growing Up in Wake Forest, Memories of Wake Forest Elementary, Moving from Wake Forest, Oral History with Naomi Davidson, Virginia Tech Special Collection.
Hard Times, Rich Memories: The Coal Miners of Montgomery County, VA, Video of miners sharing memories from mining communities such as Merrimac, McCoy, and Wake Forest. (Link goes to a list of local libraries that have a copy of the tape.)
History Lab at Virginian Tech Exhibits: Creating Home, Black Inclusion and Community, Solitude, The Heart of Virginia Tech History, Women of Color, Profiles in Achievement, digital exhibit.
History of Kentland Farm and Wake Forest, Oral History with Charles Johnson, Virginia Tech Special Collections.
He Was Known as a Coal Mining Legend, Oscar Orlando Sherman Sr., Wake Forest resident, The Roanoke Times article.
Kentland at Whitethorne: Virginia Tech’s Agricultural Farm and Families that Owned It by Patricia Givens Johnson, Walpa Publishing. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
Manumission in the Mountains: Slavery and African Colonization Movement in Southwest Virginia by Eric Burin, Appalachian Journal, online article. Found in JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles a month.
Memorial to Honor Kentland’s Slaves, The Roanoke Times.
More Than a Fraction: Based on a True Story by Kerr Moseley-Hobbs, descendent of the Fraction family who were enslaved at Solitude and Smithfield Plantation in Blacksburg, VA.
Montgomery Museum of Art and History, collection of Wake Forest information, copies of Virginia’s Montgomery County, Exhibition of a rare, local, Pre-Civil War slave-made coverlet, and online resources such as “A Story of Emancipation in Christiansburg,” a watercolor of a slave auction in Christiansburg, and link to U.S. Freedmen’s Bureau, Census Records for Southwest Virginia, 1865 and 1867. The Museum invites visitors to do research in its collection of local letters and artifacts. Call to schedule a visit.
Need for Heritage Preservation (Mt. View Cemetery) by Mary B. LaLone online publication of Radford University.
New Town: Across the Color Line Digital Exhibition, Virginia Tech Digital Library.
New Town: A Historic Neighborhood and Blacksburg Tradition by Tom Sherman, Blacksburg Museum & Cultural Foundation, online article.
New Town, History of, (digital collection of documents) Virginia Tech, Special Collections and University Archives Online.
Nexus of Collaboration: Negotiating African American History and Public Interest in Southwest Virginia, (Kentland Farm and Wake Forest) Anthropology Now.
On a Shallow Foundation of Freedom: Building the Campus of the Christiansburg Institute M. Anna Fariello, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 6, pp. 38-70, website.
Organization Despite Adversity: The Origins and Development of African American Fraternal Associations, Vol. 28 No. 3, Social Science History, article.
Preserving the Legacy of One of the First Black Schools for the Formerly Enslaved by Ami Knowles, Dogwood online publishing, Courier Newsroom.
Radford’s Early Black Residents 1880-1925 by Linda Killan, Radford University Digital Library, online text.
Reports of Charles S. Schaeffer from the Virginia counties of Montgomery and Pulaski, with additional information on the counties of Floyd, Giles, Craig, Wythe, and Roanoke, by Linda Killan, Radford University Digital Library, online text.
Resisting the Hegemony of Development: The Struggle of Nellie’s Cave by Elizabeth Fine, Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association. Vol. 4 pp. 69-78. Found through JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles a month.
Schaeffer Memorial, First Baptist Churches Among Early African Congregations in the NRV, The Roanoke Times.
Slave Cemetery Unearthed On Old Blacksburg Plantation, Daily Press.
Smithfield’s 216 Enslaved Workers, Smithfield Plantation, website.
St. Luke & Odd Fellows Hall, Blacksburg, website
St. Luke & Odd Fellows Hall Remembrances Video.
St. Luke and Odd Fellows Hall, Settling of New Town, and Education of African American Students in Blacksburg, Blacksburg Museum & Cultural Foundation, Online Exhibit.
St. Luke and Odd Fellows Hall, Settling of New Town, Blacksburg Museum & Cultural Foundation, website
St. Luke and Odd Fellows Hall, Blacksburg Museum & Culture Foundation, website.
Story of a Consecrated Life by Charles H. Harrison, (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
The Tiger & the Torch: Living & Learning Local Black History by Davina and Rita Irvin, digital publication. Authors weave personal, local, and regional history with pictures, quotes, and poems by and about African Americans: Christiansburg Institute and its founders are a central focus of the text which also provides a resource list with links to African American heritage in Virginia, books & online collections, documentaries & TV programs, and museums as well as extensive endnotes with hyperlinks.
Typical Day at Christiansburg Institute, Extracurricular Activities and Curriculum at CI, The Closing of Christiansburg Institute, Oral History with Gladys Sokolow, Virginia Tech Special Collections.
University and Slave Plantation, posting regarding Virginia Tech addressing the legacy of slavery, OTH: Oh the Humanities! article.
Virginia’s Montgomery County edited by Mary Elizabeth Lindon, includes stories of Jimmie Price of Wake Forest. (Available at Christiansburg Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library and local university libraries.)
Vision of Education: Selected Writings of Edgar A. Long. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
Wake Forest Community, Oral History with Esther Jones, Virginia Tech Special Collection.
Wake Forest: Voices that Tell of a Faith Community by Morgan Cain Grim, VT undergraduate thesis, online.
What Was It Like to Be Black in Appalachia? Institute Offers Historical Lesson by Ashley Spinks Dugan, Dogwood online publishing, Courier Newsroom.
Whartons’ Town New River Depot, 1870-1940 by Linda Killen, Radford University Digital Library, online text.
“Whose Blood, Sweat, and Tears”: Reclaiming African History and Collaborative Anthropology in Virginia’s New River Valley by Samuel Cook and Thomas Klatka, Practicing Anthropology, Vol. 32, No. 4, online article. Found in JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles per month.
William Ballard Preston and the Politics of Slavery, 1832-1862 Peter Wallenstein, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 1, pp. 37-66, published online.
Regional
50 Years a Slave, the Hidden History of Rachel Findlay, Virginia Currents, NPR audio interview and transcript.
African Americans and the Blue Ridge Parkway, Historic Resource Study, National Park Service website.
Americans in Appalachia, Featured Essay and Photo Essay, Oxford African American Studies Center.
An Eclectic History of Montgomery County, Virginia by John A. Nicolay. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
African Americans in Appalachia Fight to be Seen as a Part of Coal Country by Emma Ockerman, The Washington Post, online article.
A Long Road: How Jim Crow Affected the Design and Development of Recreational Areas Along the Blue Ridge Parkway, Thesis, National Park Service website.
African Americans and the Blue Ridge Parkway, Historic Resource Study, National Park Service website.
African Americans and the Railroad: Gauley Bridge Depot; Gauley Bridge, WV, National Park Service, website.
African American Coal Miners: Helen, WV, National Park Service, website.
African Americans in Appalachia, Photo Essay and Featured Essay, Oxford African American Studies Center, webpage.
African American Railroad Workers of Roanoke: Oral Histories of the Norfolk & Western
by Sheree Scarborough.
Barbara Johns of Farmville, Virginia, The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, PBS LearningMedia, Collection, video.
“Blacks for Belspring,” Chapter 4 in Farm Land, boom town, village: A History of Belspring Virginia, 1750-1940, a long essay by Linda Killen, digital copy available online through Radford University Digital Collections.
Black Invisibility and Racism in Appalachia: An Informal Survey by Edward J. Cabbell, Appalachian Journal, Vol 8 pp. 48-54. Found in JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles a month.
Black Students on Strike! Farmville, Virginia, Separate Is Not Equal: Brown vs. Board of Education, Smithsonian National Museum of American History.
Black Roanoke: Our Story by John Davis, online publication, Roanoke City, webpage.
Booker T. Washington: An Appreciation of the Man and his Times by Barry Mackintosh, National Park Service, online publication.
Brown's Battleground: Students, Segregationists, and the Struggle for Justice in Prince Edward County, Virginia by Jill Ogline Titus.
Booker T. Washington National Monument website, “A Birthplace That Experienced Slavery, The Civil War and Emancipation,” “From Slave Cabin to Hall of Fame,” “Rise of the Colonial Plantation System,” “Alabama: Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site,” Hardy, VA.
Brief History of Several Coal Mines in Montgomery County, Jimmie Price and Garland Proco, Self-Published, 1994. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
Calfee Community & Culture Center, website.
Calfee Training School: Its hidden history and future purpose for the community, Hidden History: Pulaski, WDBJ, article and video.
Calfee Training School: The Legacy Lives On, ColorsVA.
Celebrating Floyd County, Virginia, Online Collections Database, Floyd County Historical Society: Archives/Photos/Libraries/Objects, searchable website.
Chauncey Depew Harmon, Senior: A Case Study in Leadership for Educational Opportunity and Equality in Pulaski Virginia by Norman Wayne Tripp, VT Doctoral Dissertation, online.
Civil Rights Tours, Moton Museum, Farmville, VA, website.
Closing of Prince Edward County’s Schools, Virginia Museum of History & Culture, website.
ColorsVA, a Roanoke published magazine whose “mission is to illuminate issues relevant to Southwest Virginia’s communities,” Searchable Archive.
Diverse Threads in the History of the United States: The Life of Booker T. Washington, History Cooperative, website.
Exilic Existence: Contributions of Black Churches in Prince Edward County, Virginia During the Modern Civil Rights Movement by J. Samuel Williams Jr.
Eye on the Past, Blue Ridge PBS, “Christiansburg Industrial Institute,” video.
Girl from the Tar Paper School: Barbara Rose Johns and the Advent of the Civil Rights Movement by Teri Kanefield
Group Works to Resurrect Pulaski’s Howard Center, WDBJ News Story, article and video.
Little Child Shall Lead Them: A Documentary Account of the Struggle for School Desegregation in Prince Edward County, Virginia (Carter G. Woodson ... Series: Black Studies at Work in the World) by Brian J. Daugherity and Brian Grogan
Facing Freedom: An African American Community in Virginia from Reconstruction to Jim Crow by Dan Thorp offers a detailed look at the lives of Montgomery County's African Americans.
First Black Graduate of Floyd County High Shares Triumphs, Challenges, WSLS Chanel 10 News, video with additional pictures and text.
Gainsboro History Tour of African American Culture, Virginia’s Blue Ridge, self-guided walking tour of Gainsboro, Roanoke.
From Segregation to Community in Pulaski, Radio IQ|WVTF, audio & text.
Hard Times, Rich Memories [videorecording]: the coal miners of Montgomery County, Virginia, Virginia Tech University Library.
Harrison Museum of African American Culture, located in Center in the Square, Roanoke: Speaker Series.
Her Family History Unfolds In and Around Radford by Catherine Copich Van Noy, The Roanoke Times, July 17, 2004/Updated June 6m 2019, online article.
Hickmans and Servants: Two Appalachian Families H. William Gabriel, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 4, pp. 37-66, published online.
Historic African American Sites in Virginia, DHR ǀ Virginia Department of Historic Resources, contains a linked list of over 300 historical sites, website.
Historian Makes Case For 'What You Are Getting Wrong About Appalachia' In New Book, npr interview, transcript and audio recording, website.
History of Early Coal Mining, A hard way of life in the Mountains of the Appalachia's - YouTube, narrated pictures of the mining experience.
Indigenous History at Virginia Tech Collection, VT Special Collections and University Archives Online.
The Land Speaks: The Monacan Nation and Politics of Memory, American Indian & Indigenous Community Center at Virginia Tech, website.
Long Road: How Jim Crow Affected the Design and Development of Recreational Areas Along the Blue Ridge Parkway, Thesis, National Park Service website.
Making their Mark: Black Families of New River Depot, 1870-1940 by Linda Killen, booklet detailing the African American families that settled in the area of New River Depot, digital copy available online through Radford University Digital Collections.
Massive Resistance in a Small Town: Before and After Brown in Prince Edward County Virginia, Humanities, The Magazine of National Endowment for the Humanities.
Massive Resistance Oral History Project in Collaboration with Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia General Assembly Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Commission: Virginia Public Schools Closings, Brown v. Board of Education, website.
Merrimac Mines: a personal history by Garland Proco, Self-Published, 1994. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.)
Moton Museum, Farmville, VA, The Moton Story (student civil rights movement and Prince Edward County massive resistance), list of books and magazine resources and links to website resources, website.
No School Second Edition My Journey Back Prince Edward County, Virginia 1959-1964
by Rita Odom Moseley
“Only a Matter of Time” Christiansburg Institute and Desegregation in Southwest Virginia: 1959-1060: by F. Douglas Wharam, Jr., Paper from University of Virginia, online paper.
Old Virginia Plantations, A New Owner and a Family Legacy Unveiled by Joe Heim, TELLUSUSA.COM, online article.
Overlooked No More: Barbara Johns, Who Defied Segregation in Schools, The New York Times.
Need for Heritage Preservation (Mt. View Cemetery) by Mary B. LaLone online publication of Radford University.
Pictures of Appalachian African American Coal Miners, Bing search.
Rachel Findlay, Slave, Won Her Freedom by Suing Virginia. Twice, Appalachian History.net, online article.
Reaching for the Moon: The Struggle for Integration in Prince Edward County and America by Mr. John J. Festa
Reports of Charles S. Schaeffer from the Virginia counties of Montgomery and Pulaski, with additional information on the counties of Floyd, Giles, Craig, Wythe, and Roanoke, by Linda Killan, Radford University Digital Library, online text.
Resurrecting Calfee: Former Pulaski School Will Help Preserve Black History as a Museum by Ashley Spinks, Dogwood online publishing, Courier Newsroom.
Road to Healing: A Civil Rights Reparations Story in Prince Edward County, Virginia
by Ken Woodley
Self-Guided Gainsboro History Tour 5K, VT Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, website.
Slave Labor on Virginia's Blue Ridge Railroad by Mary E Lyons
Slavery in Appalachia-The Hidden History, Sociological Images, The Society Pages, Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, online.
Slavery in the American Mountain South by Wilma Dunaway.
Slideshow of Historical Markers Highlighting African American Women, DHR ǀ Virginia Department of Historic Resources, website.
Small School, Big Impact: How the Calfee Training School Changed Education in America, National Trust for Historic Preservation, website.
Smithfield Review, an academic journal featuring studies in the history of the region west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, produced in partnership between The Smithfield-Preston Foundation and the Department of History at Virginia Tech. Vols.1-22 Digitized; Vols. 23-24 for purchase.
Soldiers, Servants, and Very Interested Bystanders: Montgomery County’s African American Community during the Civil War by THORP, D., in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, login through school library or create an account for 100 free articles.
'Sorrowful Cavalcade': Enslaved Migration through Appalachian Virginia Phillip D. Troutman, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 5, pp. 23-45, website.
Southern Stalemate: Five Years without Public Education in Prince Edward County, Virginia by Christopher Bonastia (list of where copies of the book may be borrowed at World Cat)
Story of Barbara Johns and the Road to Integrated Schools in Virginia, 12 On Your Side News Story.
Students on Strike: Jim Crow, Civil Rights, Brown, and Me by John A. Stokes with Lois Wolfe.
Take a look inside the Moton Museum. YouTube, video.
These People Lived in a Pleasant Valley: A History of Slaves and Freedmen in Nineteenth Century Pulaski County, Virginia by Linda Killan, Radford University Digital Library, online text.
These Photos Will Change the Way You Think About Race in Coal Country by John Edwin Mason, Yes! Solutions Journalism, online article.
T. G. Howard Community Center in Pulaski, website.
T. G. Howard Community Center, Inc., history of the Center, PowerPoint presentation.
They Closed Their Schools; Prince Edward County, Virginia, 1951-1964
by Bob Smith
This Promise of Change: One Girl’s Story in the Fight for School Equality by Jo Ann Allen Boyce and Debbie Levy.
Unraveling the Hidden Black History of Appalachian Activism by Jessica Wilkerson, Salon, online article.
Valley Coalfield, Mining in Pulaski and Merrimac, photos from Digital Imaging, Virginia Tech.
Virginia Blue Ridge Railroad by Mary E. Lyons
Virginia’s Montgomery County edited by Mary Elizabeth Lindon. (Available at Christiansburg Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library.)
Biography and History
Media
Curriculum and Instruction
Local
“Heritage and ‘wisdom’ and simply personal family and local history enrich the one able to tap such information. As it is I wish I had garnered more from my grandparents and parents."
-- Gary Gygax
Supreme Court Overturned a Ruling that Enabled Internment of Japanese-Americans During World War II, Time, online article. |
United Farm Workers (UFW) Movement: Philip Vera Cruz, Unsung Hero, UCLA Asian American Studies Center. |
Asian Americans Advancing Justice, Asian American Civil Rights website. |
Ugly History: Japanese American Incarceration Camps - Densho, by Tom Ikeda, YouTube, TED-ED, video. |
Vincent Chin’s Story/Lily Chin: The Courage to Speak Out, The Asian American Education Project. |
You’re Asian, How Could You Fail Math? Unmasking the Myth of the Model Minority by Wayne Au and Benji Chang, rethinking schools, website article. |
African American and Latinx History of the United States by Paul Ortiz |
Lies Across America: What Our Historic Sites Get Wrong by James W. Loewen. |
Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong by James W. Loewen. |
Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, by Frederick Douglass. |
Rethinking Schools (a nonprofit publisher and advocacy organization dedicated to social justice teaching and education activism |
Uprising and Our Schools, Vol. 35, No. 1, Fall 2020. (example of a Rethinking Schools magazine). |
Virginia History and Social Science Standards of Learning, Virginia Department of Education, website. |
EDSITEment! BEH.Gov,. History, Culture, and Heritage Teacher Guides; Hispanic Heritage and History in the United States |
Zinn Education Project: Teaching People’s History, website resources of free downloadable lessons and articles organized and searchable by theme, time period, and grade level. |
African American and Cherokee Nurses in Appalachia: A History, 1900-1965 by Phoebe Ann Pollitt |
“Hundreds of the Descendants of Indians have Obtained Their Freedom:” Freedom Suits in 18th & 19th Century Virginia, The Uncommon Wealth, Voices from the Library of Virginia, website. |
Indians in Virginia, Encyclopedia Virginia, Virginia Humanities website. |
Indian Slavery and Freedom Suits: The Cases of Rachel Viney and Rachel Findlay by Mary B. Kegley, The Smithfield Review, Volume XII, 2008, online publication. |
Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz. |
Lies Across America: What Our Historic Sites Get Wrong by James W. Loewen. |
Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong by James W. Loewen. |
Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations by Suzan Shown Harjo. |
Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny by Robert J. Miller. |
Native American Experience: Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, The Fetterman Massacre, and Creek Mary’s Blood, by Dee Brown. |
New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness by Michelle Alexander. |
Not in My Neighborhood by Antero Pietila. |
Vision Maker Media: films for movie lovers educators , website. |
When Affirmative Action was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century America by Ira Katznelson. |
Rethinking Schools (a nonprofit publisher and advocacy organization dedicated to social justice teaching and education activism. |
Uprising and Our Schools, Vol. 35, No. 1, Fall 2020. (example of a Rethinking Schools magazine). |
Virginia History and Social Science Standards of Learning, Virginia Department of Education, website. |
Virginia’s First People: Past and Present, Virginia Department of Education, website. |
American Indian DOCSTeach and Sample Lessons: American Indian Voting Rights through History and Analyzing a Letter About American Indian Voting Rights |
EDSITEment! BEH.Gov,. History, Culture, and Heritage Teacher Guides; American Indian History and Heritage |
Decolonizing Thanksgiving: A Toolkit for Combatting Racism in Schools, Age of Awareness, an annotated list of over 20 resources for teachers and parents. |
DOCSTeach National Archives: Primary Documents, Activities to Use to Teach and Engaging Activities |
Learning for Justice, Classroom Resources, Magazines & Publications, Critical Practices for Anti-bias Education. |
Racial Wealth Gap Learning Simulation, Bread for the World, including Facilitator’s Guide, simulation resource Printing Kit, Policy Packet. The Powerpoint with talking points does not open for preview but directly downloads the resource to your computer |
Resources for Teaching about Indigenous Culture & People, Teaching While White, website. |
Zinn Education Project: Teaching People’s History, website resources of free downloadable lessons and articles organized and searchable by theme, time period, and grade level. Links to Search Results for Native American. |
Indigenous History at Virginia Tech, VT Special Collections and University Archives Online. |
An Eclectic History of Montgomery County, Virginia by John A. Nicolay. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.) |
Celebrating Floyd County, Virginia, Online Collections Database, Floyd County Historical Society: Archives/Photos/Libraries/Objects, searchable website. |
Indigenous History at Virginia Tech Collection, VT Special Collections and University Archives Online. |
The Land Speaks: The Monacan Nation and Politics of Memory, American Indian & Indigenous Community Center at Virginia Tech, website. |
Virginia’s Montgomery County edited by Mary Elizabeth Lindon. (Available at Christiansburg Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library.) |
Virginia Indian Archive, a project of the Virginia Indian Heritage Program at the Virginia Humanities, searchable website. |
Angel Island: Gateway to Gold Mountain by Russell Freedman. |
A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America by Ronald Takaki. |
A New History of Asian America by Shelley Sang-Hee Lee. |
Escape to Gold Mountain: A Graphic History of the Chinese in North America, nonfiction graphic novel. |
Fred Korematsu Speaks Up by Laura Atkins and Stan Yogi. |
Historical Memories of the Japanese American Internment and the Struggle for Redress by Murray, Alice Yang, Stanford University Press. (Available upon request from local library. Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons. $5.00 postage fee.) |
Making of Asian America: A History by Erika Lee |
Rethinking the Asian American Movement (American Social and Political Movements of the 20th Century) by Daryl Joji Maeda. |
Asian Americans K-12 Education Curriculum with lesson plans, OCA – Asian Pacific American Advocates website. |
A Different Mirror for Young People: A History of Multicultural America by Ronal Takaki, adapted by Rebecca Steffoff. |
A Young People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn. |
After Atlanta: Teaching About Asian American Identity and History by Elizabeth Kleinrock, Learning for Justice, contains links to resources, online article. |
Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month: Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in the Making of the Nation, Biographies of AAPI Women, An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders during WWII, National Park Service, webpage. |
Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month: Exhibits and Collections; Teacher Resources includes primary source documents; Images, Library of Congress, website. |
Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month with the National Portrait Gallery created by Nicole Vance, National Portrait Gallery, website. |
Asian American and Pacific Islander Materials: A Resource Guide, Library of Congress, website. |
UCLA Asian American Studies Center, Untold Civil Rights Stories (16 stories with lesson plans), |
Timeline of national, international events, and events in ethnic America, The Asian American Education Project website. |
Asian American Heritage “in real life,” web series Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center, recordings of web series, website. |
Asian Americans, PBS LearningMedia, Collection of 37 videos with Lesson Plans. |
Asian American PBS LearningMedia Resources, may be filtered by grade and subject, online web search. |
Challenging Caricatures: Images of Queen Lili’uokalani, Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center, website. |
Densho Learning Center: Resource Guide, Examining Racism and Discrimination Through Oral History, Sites of Shame, Digital Repository (searchable collection of photographs, document, newspapers, letters and other primary source martials from immigration to the WWII incarceration and its aftermath) website. |
EDSITEment! NEH.Gov., History, Culture, and Heritage Teacher Guides: Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage and History in the U.S. |
Hidden Histories, Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center, website. |
“History of Exclusion, of Erasure, of Invisibility.” Why the Asian-American Story is Missing from Many U.S. Classrooms, Time, online article. |
Immigrant History Initiative, Wayfinding & Storytelling Lesson Plan Topics: AP US History Lessons, Chinese American History Curriculum, Anti-Asian Racism & Covid-19, website. |
Teaching About Asian Pacific Americans: Effective Activities, Strategies, and Assignments for Classroom and Communities, Zinn Education Project. |
Teaching About Asian Pacific Americans: Effective Activities, Strategies, and Assignments or Classroom Communities, by Edith Wen-Chu Chen and Glenn Omatsu. |
We Are Not a Stereotype: Breaking Down Asian Pacific American Bias, Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center, video series. |
Zinn Education Project: Teaching People’s History, website resources of free downloadable lessons and articles organized and searchable by theme, time period, and grade level. Links to Search Results for Asian American, Pacific Islander. |
A ‘History of Exclusion, of Erasure, of Invisibility.’ Why the Asian-American Story Is Missing From Many U.S. Classrooms by Olivia B. Waxman, Time, online article. |
Angel Island, U.S. Immigration Station, National Park Service, website. |
An Unnoticed Struggle: A Concise History of Asian American Civil Rights Issues, Japanese American Citizen League, online booklet, website. |
Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage and History in the U.S., NEH.GOV, EDSITEMENT!, website. |
Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Theme Students, National Park Service, Series of 16 online Essays, website. |
Asian American Milestones: Timeline, with links to resource information, History.Com Editors, website. |
Better Lives, Bitter Lies, National Park Service, podcast. |
Different Asian American Timeline, online tool for exploring the history of Asians and Asian Americans starting in the 1400’s, website. |
Filipino American Farmworksers Fight for Their Rights: Asian Americans, coalition building with Mexican American farmworkers, PBS LearningMedia video. |
Finding a Path Forward: Asian American Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks Theme Study edited by Franklin Odo, Immigration, Exclusion, and Resistance by Erika Lee, National Park Service, online essay. |
“I Don’t Like China or Chinese People Because They Started This Quarantine” The History of Anti-Chinese Racism and Disease in the United States by Wayne Au, rethinking schools, website article. |
Income Inequality is the U.S. is Rising Most Rapidly Among Asians by Rakesh Kochhar and Anthony Cilluffo, Pew Research Center, website. |
Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement, Calisphere, Digital Objects: text and photographs of relocation centers, and map of geography of incarceration, website. |
Japanese-American Internment, FDR Library Video Collection, Japanese American Internment (with Captions), FDR and WWII, Part 4, Japanese-American Internment, Executive Order 9066 – Japanese American Internment, A Conversation with George Takei: Life in the Camps, YouTube videos. |
Japanese American WWII Incarceration: The Core Story, Encyclopedia Topic Index, Digital Archives, Oral History Video Interviews, Densho website. |
Redefine American: Asian Americans, California Supreme Court case contesting racial segregation of schools, PBS LearningMedia video. |
Scapegoating of Asian Americans, The Harvard Gazette, online article. |
Stanley Hayami: Nisei Son—His Diary, Letters, & Story: From American Concentration Camp to Battlefield, 1942-1945, annotated by Joanne Oppenheim, Japanese American National Museum, website. |
Old Virginia Plantations, A New Owner and a Family Legacy Unveiled by Joe Heim, TELLUSUSA.COM, online article. |
Overlooked No More: Barbara Johns, Who Defied Segregation in Schools, The New York Times. |
Pictures of Appalachian African American Coal Miners, Bing search. |
Rachel Findlay, Slave, Won Her Freedom by Suing Virginia. Twice, Appalachian History.net, online article. |
Reaching for the Moon: The Struggle for Integration in Prince Edward County and America by Mr. John J. Festa |
Reports of Charles S. Schaeffer from the Virginia counties of Montgomery and Pulaski, with additional information on the counties of Floyd, Giles, Craig, Wythe, and Roanoke, by Linda Killan, Radford University Digital Library, online text. |
Resurrecting Calfee: Former Pulaski School Will Help Preserve Black History as a Museum by Ashley Spinks, Dogwood online publishing, Courier Newsroom. |
Road to Healing: A Civil Rights Reparations Story in Prince Edward County, Virginia, by Ken Woodley |
Self-Guided Gainsboro History Tour 5K, VT Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, website. |
Slave Labor on Virginia's Blue Ridge Railroad by Mary E Lyons |
Slavery in Appalachia-The Hidden History, Sociological Images, The Society Pages, Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, online. |
Slavery in the American Mountain South by Wilma Dunaway. |
Slideshow of Historical Markers Highlighting African American Women, DHR ǀ Virginia Department of Historic Resources, website. |
Small School, Big Impact: How the Calfee Training School Changed Education in America, National Trust for Historic Preservation, website. |
Smithfield Review, an academic journal featuring studies in the history of the region west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, produced in partnership between The Smithfield-Preston Foundation and the Department of History at Virginia Tech. Vols.1-22 Digitized; Vols. 23-24 for purchase.
|
Soldiers, Servants, and Very Interested Bystanders: Montgomery County’s African American Community during the Civil War by THORP, D., in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, login through school library or create an account for 100 free articles. |
'Sorrowful Cavalcade': Enslaved Migration through Appalachian Virginia Phillip D. Troutman, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 5, pp. 23-45, website. |
Southern Stalemate: Five Years without Public Education in Prince Edward County, Virginia by Christopher Bonastia (list of where copies of the book may be borrowed at World Cat) |
Story of Barbara Johns and the Road to Integrated Schools in Virginia, 12 On Your Side News Story. |
Students on Strike: Jim Crow, Civil Rights, Brown, and Me by John A. Stokes with Lois Wolfe. |
Take a look inside the Moton Museum. YouTube, video. |
These People Lived in a Pleasant Valley: A History of Slaves and Freedmen in Nineteenth Century Pulaski County, Virginia by Linda Killan, Radford University Digital Library, online text.
|
These Photos Will Change the Way You Think About Race in Coal Country by John Edwin Mason, Yes! Solutions Journalism, online article. |
T. G. Howard Community Center in Pulaski, website. |
T. G. Howard Community Center, Inc., history of the Center, PowerPoint presentation. |
They Closed Their Schools; Prince Edward County, Virginia, 1951-1964
by Bob Smith
|
This Promise of Change: One Girl’s Story in the Fight for School Equality by Jo Ann Allen Boyce and Debbie Levy. |
Unraveling the Hidden Black History of Appalachian Activism by Jessica Wilkerson, Salon, online article |
Valley Coalfield, Mining in Pulaski and Merrimac, photos from Digital Imaging, Virginia Tech. |
Virginia Blue Ridge Railroad by Mary E. Lyons |
Virginia’s Montgomery County edited by Mary Elizabeth Lindon. (Available at Christiansburg Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library.) |
William Ballard Preston and the Politics of Slavery, 1832-1862 Peter Wallenstein, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 1, pp. 37-66, published online. |
National Memorial for Peace and Justice, Museum and Memorial. |
Surviving Columbus: The Story of the Pueblo People, PBS, free access video. |
50 Years a Slave, the Hidden History of Rachel Findlay, Virginia Currents, NPR audio interview and transcript. |
American Indians, the Doctrine of Discovery, and Manifest Destiny by Robert J. Miller, online article from Wyoming Law Review. |
Celebrating Tribal Nations: America’s Great Partners, Suzan Shown Harjo’s Library of Congress 2008 Native American History Month Keynote Address, video. |
Historians’ Brief But Spectacular take on Understanding the past to live a better future, Daina Ramey Berry, chair of history department at the University of Texas at Austin, PBS News Hour, February 5, 2021. |
How Did We Get Here? 163 Years of The Atlantic’s Writing on Race and Racism in America, online list of linked articles. |
Indian Country Today: Digital Indigenous News, includes news articles and newscasts. |
Indigenous People, online newspaper. |
Indian Slavery and Freedom Suits: The Cases of Rachel Viney and Rachel Findlay Mary B. Kegley, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 12, published online. |
Land-Grab Universities: Expropriated Indigenous Land is the Foundation of the Land-grant University System by Robert Lee and Tristan Ahtone, online article High Country News. |
Interactive map to explore land-grab university data, step by step chart tracing the Morrell Act of 1862 and maps of universities endowed by the Morrell land grants. |
The Land Speaks: The Monacan Nation and Politics of Memory, American Indian & Indigenous Community Center at Virginia Tech, website. |
National Memorial for Peace and Justice, Museum and Memorial. |
Rachel Findlay, Slave, Won Her Freedom by Suing Virginia. Twice, Appalachian History.net, |
Surviving Columbus: The Story of the Pueblo People, PBS, free access video. |
Surviving Columbus: The Story of the Pueblo People, Vision Maker Media Video, American Archive of Public Broadcasting. |
Uprooted: The 1950’s Plan to Erase Indian Country, Minnesota Public Radio, Video and Audio recording with text. |
African Americans in Appalachia Fight to be Seen as a Part of Coal Country by Emma Ockerman, The Washington Post, online article. |
A Long Road: How Jim Crow Affected the Design and Development of Recreational Areas Along the Blue Ridge Parkway, Thesis, National Park Service website. |
African Americans and the Blue Ridge Parkway, Historic Resource Study, National Park Service website. |
African Americans and the Railroad: Gauley Bridge Depot; Gauley Bridge, WV, National Park Service, website. |
African American Coal Miners: Helen, WV, National Park Service, website. |
African Americans in Appalachia, Photo Essay and Featured Essay, Oxford African American Studies Center, webpage. |
African American Railroad Workers of Roanoke: Oral Histories of the Norfolk & Western, by Sheree Scarborough. |
Barbara Johns of Farmville, Virginia, The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, PBS LearningMedia, Collection, video. |
“Blacks for Belspring,” Chapter 4 in Farm Land, boom town, village: A History of Belspring Virginia, 1750-1940, a long essay by Linda Killen, digital copy available online through Radford University Digital Collections. |
Black Students on Strike! Farmville, Virginia, Separate Is Not Equal: Brown vs. Board of Education, Smithsonian National Museum of American History. |
Black Invisibility and Racism in Appalachia: An Informal Survey by Edward J. Cabbell, Appalachian Journal, Vol 8 pp. 48-54. Found in JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles a month.
|
Black Roanoke: Our Story by John Davis, online publication, Roanoke City, webpage. |
Booker T. Washington: An Appreciation of the Man and his Times by Barry Mackintosh, National Park Service, online publication. |
Brown's Battleground: Students, Segregationists, and the Struggle for Justice in Prince Edward County, Virginia by Jill Ogline Titus. |
Booker T. Washington National Monument website, “A Birthplace That Experienced Slavery, The Civil War and Emancipation,” “From Slave Cabin to Hall of Fame,” “Rise of the Colonial Plantation System,” “Alabama: Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site,” Hardy, VA. |
Brief History of Several Coal Mines in Montgomery County, Jimmie Price and Garland Proco, Self-Published, 1994. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.) |
Calfee Community & Culture Center, website. |
Calfee Training School: Its hidden history and future purpose for the community, Hidden History: Pulaski, WDBJ, article and video. |
Calfee Training School: The Legacy Lives On, ColorsVA. |
Celebrating Floyd County, Virginia, Online Collections Database, Floyd County Historical Society: Archives/Photos/Libraries/Objects, searchable website. |
Chauncey Depew Harmon, Senior: A Case Study in Leadership for Educational Opportunity and Equality in Pulaski Virginia by Norman Wayne Tripp, VT Doctoral Dissertation, online. |
Civil Rights Tours, Moton Museum, Farmville, VA, website. |
Closing of Prince Edward County’s Schools, Virginia Museum of History & Culture, website. |
ColorsVA, a Roanoke published magazine whose “mission is to illuminate issues relevant to Southwest Virginia’s communities,” Searchable Archive. |
Diverse Threads in the History of the United States: The Life of Booker T. Washington, History Cooperative, website. |
Exilic Existence: Contributions of Black Churches in Prince Edward County, Virginia During the Modern Civil Rights Movement by J. Samuel Williams Jr. |
Eye on the Past, Blue Ridge PBS, “Christiansburg Industrial Institute,” video. |
Girl from the Tar Paper School: Barbara Rose Johns and the Advent of the Civil Rights Movement by Teri Kanefield |
Group Works to Resurrect Pulaski’s Howard Center, WDBJ News Story, article and video. |
A Little Child Shall Lead Them: A Documentary Account of the Struggle for School Desegregation in Prince Edward County, Virginia (Carter G. Woodson ... Series: Black Studies at Work in the World) by Brian J. Daugherity and Brian Grogan |
First Black Graduate of Floyd County High Shares Triumphs, Challenges, WSLS Chanel 10 News, video with additional pictures and text. |
Gainsboro History Tour of African American Culture, Virginia’s Blue Ridge, self-guided walking tour of Gainsboro, Roanoke. |
From Segregation to Community in Pulaski, Radio IQ, WVTF, audio & text. |
Hard Times, Rich Memories [videorecording]: the coal miners of Montgomery County, Virginia, Virginia Tech University Library. |
Harrison Museum of African American Culture, located in Center in the Square, Roanoke: Speaker Series. |
Her Family History Unfolds In and Around Radford by Catherine Copich Van Noy, The Roanoke Times, July 17, 2004/Updated June 6m 2019, online article. |
Hickmans and Servants: Two Appalachian Families H. William Gabriel, The Smithfield Review, Vol. 4, pp. 37-66, published online. |
Historic African American Sites in Virginia, DHR ǀ Virginia Department of Historic Resources, contains a linked list of over 300 historical sites, website. |
Historian Makes Case For 'What You Are Getting Wrong About Appalachia' In New Book, npr interview, transcript and audio recording, website. |
History of Early Coal Mining, A hard way of life in the Mountains of the Appalachia's - YouTube, narrated pictures of the mining experience. |
Indigenous History at Virginia Tech Collection, VT Special Collections and University Archives Online. |
The Land Speaks: The Monacan Nation and Politics of Memory, American Indian & Indigenous Community Center at Virginia Tech, website. |
Long Road: How Jim Crow Affected the Design and Development of Recreational Areas Along the Blue Ridge Parkway, Thesis, National Park Service website. |
Making their Mark: Black Families of New River Depot, 1870-1940 by Linda Killen, booklet detailing the African American families that settled in the area of New River Depot, digital copy available online through Radford University Digital Collections. |
Massive Resistance in a Small Town: Before and After Brown in Prince Edward County Virginia, Humanities, The Magazine of National Endowment for the Humanities. |
Massive Resistance Oral History Project in Collaboration with Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia General Assembly Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Commission: Virginia Public Schools Closings, Brown v. Board of Education, website. |
Merrimac Mines: a personal history by Garland Proco, Self-Published, 1994. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of the Branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.) |
Moton Museum, Farmville, VA, The Moton Story (student civil rights movement and Prince Edward County massive resistance), list of books and magazine resources and links to website resources, website. |
No School Second Edition My Journey Back Prince Edward County, Virginia 1959-1964, by Rita Odom Moseley |
“Only a Matter of Time” Christiansburg Institute and Desegregation in Southwest Virginia: 1959-1060: by F. Douglas Wharam, Jr., Paper from University of Virginia, online paper. |
Kentland at Whitethorne: Virginia Tech’s Agricultural Farm and Families that Owned It by Patricia Givens Johnson, Walpa Publishing. (Link goes to list of local libraries from which the book may be requested. For a $5.00 postage fee, a branch of Montgomery-Floyd Regional Library will request for patrons.) |
Manumission in the Mountains: Slavery and African Colonization Movement in Southwest Virginia by Eric Burin, Appalachian Journal, online article. Found in JSTOR; sign up to read free 100 articles a month. |
Memorial to Honor Kentland’s Slaves, The Roanoke Times. |